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Tests & Services

Conditional Reasoning Test for Aggression (CRT-A)

The CRT-A measures the motive to aggress and is used to predict a wide range of problematic and counterproductive behaviors  including:

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• theft  •  lying  •  cheating  •  absenteeism  • turnover  • 

• interpersonal conflict • malevolent creativity  • work unreliability  • 

• other forms of maladaptive behavior •

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Description of the CRT-A

  • The test uses objective problem solving to measure  justifications for aggression, 

  • The test is presented as a test of critical reasoning skills,

  • The test is typically completed in 15-18 minutes,

  • The test is less susceptible to faking than traditional self-report surveys.

  • The test is available in English, Dutch, Arabic, and Croatian, with additional translations forthcoming.

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Empirical Evidence

We are running an updated meta-analysis that includes only the most recent version of the test. To date, our analysis reveals an uncorrected  mean validity of r = .23 (k = 52 effect sizes; N = 6,677), suggesting the CRT-A is a useful predictor of an array of counterproductive, deviant, and dysfunctional behaviors. In addition, CRT-A scores are:

  • uncorrelated with race and gender,

  • uncorrelated with measures of cognitive ability, and

  • uncorrelated with self-reported personality traits.

 

Thus, the CRT-A measures the unique 'cognitive signature' of aggressive individuals and provides incremental validity in predicting CWBs, over and above self-report surveys and avoids adverse impact against women and minorities.

 

Conditional Reasoning Item for Aggression

The old saying, "an eye for an eye," means that if someone hurts you, then you should hurt that person back.  If you are hit, then you should hit back.  If someone burns your house, then you should burn that person's house.

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Which of the following is the biggest problem with the "eye for an eye" plan?

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A. It tells people to "turn the other cheek." (Illogical/Distractor)

B. It offers no way to settle a conflict in a friendly manner. (Non-Aggressive)

C. It can only be used at certain times of the year (Illogical/Distractor)

D. People have to wait until they are attacked before they can strike. (Aggressive)

Conditional Reasoning Test for Relative Motive Strength (CRT-RMS)

The CRT-RMS measures the relative strength of two competing motives -- the motive to achievement and the motive to avoid failure.  Scores on the CRT-RMS have been linked to a number of performance-related outcomes including:

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• academic performance (GPA; class grades) • 

• managerial performance (assessment centers) • 

• creative performance • effort • persistence • 

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Description of the CRT-RMS

  • The test uses objective problem solving to measure cognitive biases used to justify & rationalize approaching vs. avoiding challenging tasks and situations. 

  • The test is presented to applicants as a test of critical reasoning skills comprised of 16 inductive reasoning items.

  • The test is typically completed in 15-20 minutes,

  • The test is less susceptible to faking or impression management than traditional self-report surveys.

  • The test is available in English with additional translations forthcoming.

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Empirical Evidence

We are about to being an updated meta-analysis of the CRT-RMS. To date, our analysis reveals scores on the CRT-RMS are useful in predicting a variety of performance-related outcomes. In addition, CRT-RMS scores tend to only have:

  • small correlations with race and gender,

  • small to moderate correlations with measures of cognitive ability, and

  • small correlations with self-reported personality traits.

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Thus, the CRT-RMS measures the unique 'cognitive signature' underlying basic human motivation -- the conflict between the motive to achieve versus the motive to avoid failure.  In addition, like most measures of motivation, scores on the CRT-RMS tend to have only small to moderate correlations with measures of cognitive ability. Nevertheless, multiple studies have verified that scores on the CRT-RMS provides incremental validity in predicting performance, over and above both cognitive ability tests and self-report surveys.

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Conditional Reasoning Test Item for the

Relative Strength of the Motives to Achieve and to Avoid Failure

Burnout is a problem experienced by many professionals who work in intense jobs that require dedication and many hours of work.  It consists of feelings of being stressed, tired, unable to perform at peak levels, and lack of ability to control events.  It seems that people who dedicate themselves to difficult, intense jobs are opening themselves up to burnout.


Which one of the following would most weaken this conclusion?


a.    People in non-stressful jobs have little trouble with burnout. (Fear of Failure)
b.    People who are the most likely to suffer burnout are highly obsessive and compulsive

       about their work. (Fear of Failure)
c.    Not all professionals develop burnout. (Motive to Achieve)
d.    Professionals tend to make more money than non-professionals.

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CONSULTING SERVICES

Customized Conditional Reasoning Tests

We can build a Conditional Reasoning Test that is customized for your organizational needs. This might include developing a customized scoring algorithm to maximize the prediction of outcomes that are of greatest relevance to your organization.

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Functional & Dysfunctional Work Climates

We can measure the climate in your organization to determine if it is functional and facilitating organizational goals or toxic and impeding organizational goals.

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Psychometric & Statistical Analyses 

We can also help you further refine and improve your existing assessments by:

  • Maximizing the predictive validity of your tests,

  • Eliminating any problematic forms of bias from your tests, and

  • Improving the reliability and precision of your tests.

 

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